{"id":318,"date":"2023-12-12T15:59:42","date_gmt":"2023-12-12T07:59:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ericw.top\/?p=318"},"modified":"2023-12-12T15:59:42","modified_gmt":"2023-12-12T07:59:42","slug":"java-%e6%a8%a1%e5%9d%97%e5%8c%96%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/ericw.top\/?p=318","title":{"rendered":"Java \u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"toc-0\">Java \u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8be6\u89e3<\/h1>\n<p>Java 9\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u6a21\u5757\u5316\uff08Module System\uff09\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u5c01\u88c5\u5230\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u548c\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5355\u5143\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6539\u5584\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fJAVA\u6a21\u5757\u5316<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728Java 9\u4e4b\u524d\uff0cJava\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u4ee5<strong>JAR\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u5806\u7c7b\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u5dee\uff1a<\/strong>JAR\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u5f97\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u6027\u5dee\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u6bd4\u8f83\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/strong>\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7c7b\u90fd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u610f\u5916\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<br \/>\nJava\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u7c7b\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u91cd\u7528\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2\">\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6a21\u5757\uff08Module\uff09<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u7684\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7c7b\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u58f0\u660e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u58f0\u660e\uff08Module Declaration\uff09<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u58f0\u660e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5728module-info.java\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\uff08Module Path\uff09<\/strong><br \/>\n\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u76ee\u5f55\u548cJAR\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6a21\u5757\u7684JMOD\u6587\u4ef6\u548cmodule-info.class\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u7528\u4e8e\u544a\u8bc9JVM\u54ea\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u5316 JAR \u6587\u4ef6\uff08Modular JAR File\uff09<\/strong><br \/>\n\u6a21\u5757\u5316JAR\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684JAR\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u7c7b\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4ee5\u53camodule-info.class\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u6a21\u5757\uff08Automatic Module\uff09<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2aJAR\u6587\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709module-info.class\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u81ea\u52a8\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u81ea\u52a8\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u57fa\u4e8eJAR\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff08Dependency\uff09<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u58f0\u660e\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u7c7b\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3\">\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6a21\u5757<\/h2>\n<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684Java\u6a21\u5757\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u5757<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7c7b<code class=\"prettyprint\" >DatabaseConnection<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"prettyprint\"  class=\"language-java\">\/\/ DatabaseConnection.java\npackage com.example.database;\n\npublic class DatabaseConnection {\n    public void connect() {\n        System.out.println(&quot;Connected to the database.&quot;);\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a<code class=\"prettyprint\" >module-info.java<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u58f0\u660e\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"prettyprint\"  class=\"language-java\">\/\/ module-info.java\nmodule databaseModule {\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5<code class=\"prettyprint\" >module-info.java<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u58f0\u660e\u4efb\u4f55\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u6a21\u5757<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7c7b<code class=\"prettyprint\" >UserInterface<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"prettyprint\"  class=\"language-java\">\/\/ UserInterface.java\npackage com.example.ui;\n\npublic class UserInterface {\n    public void display() {\n        System.out.println(&quot;User interface displayed.&quot;);\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e3a\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a<code class=\"prettyprint\" >module-info.java<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u58f0\u660e\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"prettyprint\"  class=\"language-java\">\/\/ module-info.java\nmodule uiModule {\n    requires databaseModule;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u5bf9<code class=\"prettyprint\" >databaseModule<\/code>\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"prettyprint\" >databaseModule<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd0\u884c\u6a21\u5757<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Java 9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6765\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"prettyprint\"  class=\"language-java\">javac -d out\/database databaseModule\/*.java\njavac -d out\/ui --module-path out databaseModule\/*.java uiModule\/*.java<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884cUserInterface\u7c7b\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"prettyprint\"  class=\"language-java\">java --module-path out -m uiModule\/com.example.ui.UserInterface<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"prettyprint\"  class=\"language-java\">Connected to the database.\nUser interface displayed.<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4\">\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f53\u60a8\u5728Java\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u60a8\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5bfc\u51fa\u548c\u6253\u5305\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/strong>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"prettyprint\" >exports<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5728<code class=\"prettyprint\" >module-info.java<\/code>\u4e2d\u58f0\u660e\u54ea\u4e9b\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u63a7\u5236\u54ea\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5bf9\u5916\u53ef\u89c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"prettyprint\"  class=\"language-java\">module myModule {\n    exports com.example.mypackage;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"prettyprint\" >opens<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5bfc\u51fa\u5305\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u5c04\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u516c\u5f00\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u5f00\u653e\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u6a21\u5757\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528open\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199\u63d2\u4ef6\u6216\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"prettyprint\"  class=\"language-java\">module myModule {\n    open com.example.mypackage;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/strong>Java 9\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982<code class=\"prettyprint\" >jdeps<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca<code class=\"prettyprint\" >jlink<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6620\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u56fe\u50cf\uff1a<\/strong>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"prettyprint\" >jlink<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u60a8\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0e<code class=\"prettyprint\" >JRE<\/code>\u4e00\u8d77\u6253\u5305\u6210\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c0f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<\/strong>\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6216JAR\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a0\u8f7d\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528--<code class=\"prettyprint\" >module-path<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5305\u542b\u975e\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684JAR\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cJava\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u81ea\u52a8\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u6a21\u5757\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u5316JAR\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/strong>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528jar\u5de5\u5177\u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684JAR\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6a21\u5757\u63cf\u8ff0\u6587\u4ef6\uff08<code class=\"prettyprint\" >module-info.class<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5e93\uff1a<\/strong>\u8bb8\u591a\u5e38\u7528\u7684Java\u5e93\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6a21\u5757\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e0e\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u96c6\u6210\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u6307\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u548c<code class=\"prettyprint\" >--module<\/code>\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u6a21\u62df\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728<code class=\"prettyprint\" >module-info.java<\/code>\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"prettyprint\" >requires static<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u58f0\u660e\u53ef\u9009\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u53ea\u5728\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u7528\u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u6a21\u5757\u5316Java\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u66f4\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u4f7f\u5f97Java\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u6027\u3002\u6839\u636e\u60a8\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5229\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5\">\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303\uff1a<\/strong>\u7ed9\u6a21\u5757\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u9006\u57df\u540d\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code class=\"prettyprint\" >com.example.myapp<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u660e\u786e\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728<code class=\"prettyprint\" >module-info.java<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u660e\u786e\u58f0\u660e\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u6e05\u6670\u53ef\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6700\u5c0f\u4f9d\u8d56\u539f\u5219\uff1a<\/strong>\u5c3d\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ea\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u7248\u672c\u5316\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7248\u672c\u5316\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u6a21\u5757\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5355\u4e00\u8d23\u4efb\u539f\u5219\uff1a<\/strong>\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u9650\u5236\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1a<\/strong>\u786e\u4fdd\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u90fd\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/strong>\u7ba1\u7406\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6\">\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684Java\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u786e\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/strong>\u4ed4\u7ec6\u8003\u8651\u60a8\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u660e\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"prettyprint\" >requires<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u58f0\u660e\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"prettyprint\" >requires transitive<\/code>\u6216<code class=\"prettyprint\" >requires static<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e86\u89e3\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002Java 9\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u6a21\u5757\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"prettyprint\" >requires static<\/code>\u6765\u58f0\u660e\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u3001\u4ec5\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u4e0b\u624d\u6709\u6548\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u547d\u540d\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u79f0\u5e94\u8be5\u552f\u4e00\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u9075\u5faaJava\u7684\u5305\u547d\u540d\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u5411\u57df\u540d\uff08\u4f8b\u5982<code class=\"prettyprint\" >com.example.mymodule<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"prettyprint\" >--module-path<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u6b63\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbfJava\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u5e76\u52a0\u8f7d\u60a8\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u975e\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5e93\uff1a<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u975e\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684JAR\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5305\u88c5\u4e3a\u81ea\u52a8\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002\u975e\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5e93\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5e93\uff1a<\/strong>\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0e\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u56fe\u50cf\uff1a<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"prettyprint\" >jlink<\/code>\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u4fdd\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u6392\u9664\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c0f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/strong>\u7f16\u5199\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u548c<code class=\"prettyprint\" >--module<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u73af\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u63cf\u8ff0\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/strong>\u6a21\u5757\u63cf\u8ff0\u6587\u4ef6\uff08<code class=\"prettyprint\" >module-info.java<\/code>\uff09\u662f\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u6b63\u786e\u58f0\u660e\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u5bfc\u51fa\u548c\u6253\u5305\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6a21\u5757\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\uff1a<\/strong>\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7ed5\u8fc7\u6a21\u5757\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8de8\u6a21\u5757\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u6216\u8bbf\u95ee\u975e\u516c\u5f00\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"prettyprint\" >opens<\/code>\u548c<code class=\"prettyprint\" >opens...to<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u53d7\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u5c04\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500\uff1a<\/strong>\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u8003\u8651\u6027\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8fc1\u79fb\uff1a<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u8fc1\u79fb\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5230\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u9010\u6b65\u8fc1\u79fb\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u4e2d\u65ad\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6587\u6863\u548c\u57f9\u8bad\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u56e2\u961f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5173\u4e8e\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u6587\u6863\u548c\u57f9\u8bad\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u90fd\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u9075\u5b88\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5de5\u5177\u652f\u6301\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528Java 9\u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982<code class=\"prettyprint\" >jdeps<\/code>\u3001<code class=\"prettyprint\" >jlink<\/code>\u548c<code class=\"prettyprint\" >jmod<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Java \u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8be6\u89e3 Java 9\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u6a21\u5757\u5316\uff08Module System\uff09\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u4ee3 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